Golden Retriever
Temperament: Intelligent, friendly, and devoted. Very active and needs daily exercise. Sheds seasonally and needs occasional grooming.
Height: 21.5-24 inches
Weight: 55-75 pounds
Life Span: 10-12 years
Breed Average Outlier Index: 0.25
Breed Average Genetic Relatedness: -0.03
Breed Average Internal Relatedness: 0.02
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No. | Name | Gender | Outlier Index | Average Genetic Relatedness | Internal Relatedness | 1 | GCH Shyan's Blu Tessa Aloha BertBin | M | 0.13 | -0.04 | 0.25 | 2 | Heritage Turtle Ripple In Still Water | F | 0.16 | -0.09 | 0.28 | 3 | HighRoller Bubba-Licious | M | 0.32 | -0.03 | -0.03 | 4 | Grapevine's I'm No Vintage | F | 0.25 | -0.06 | 0.15 | 5 | Zomarick Lady Starkist | F | 0.29 | -0.03 | 0.02 | 6 | Highroller Lady Marmalade | F | 0.25 | 0.01 | -0.07 | 7 | Goldpaw's Figment of my imagination@MGM | F | 0.13 | -0.03 | 0.04 | 8 | Oregon's Summer Breeze Thru Willows | F | 0.32 | -0.04 | 0.00 | 9 | Sawyer | M | 0.25 | -0.03 | 0.07 | 10 | Laurell N Meirzah's Golden Ticket | F | 0.16 | 0.04 | -0.06 |
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The Golden Retriever was developed in Scotland around 1850 in order to create a specialist retriever that was capable of retrieving over rough terrain. Indigenous retrievers at the time were crossed to a tweed water spaniel (now extinct) for the original cross then to other breeds such as Irish Setters, sandy-colored Bloodhounds, the St. John's water dog of Newfoundland, and wavy-coated black retrievers. The progeny of these breedings were then inbred to set the breed type and consistency. The Golden Retriever was recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1925 and the breed was first registered in Canada in 1927. Currently Golden Retrievers fill a diverse role worldwide from seeing eye dogs to search and rescue.
Breed Standard coming soon!'
One of the most prevalent issues in Golden Retrievers appears to be cancer at a young age. This is indicative of derailment of the immune system.
Analysis of Golden Retrievers shows the majority are clustered in one area genetically, however there is the presence of genetic outliers. Breeders could seek out genetic outliers to redistribute their genetic diversity. Internal relatedness (inbreeding) comparison to village dogs showed loss in diversity from village dog ancestors, however not as much as some other breeds that have been thus far investigated.
Golden retrievers have 3.462 effective alleles (alleles most represented) versus an overall average amount of alleles of 7.455. The overall average number of alleles indicates Golden Retriever Breeders could work to redistribute their rare alleles to maintain the diversity they still have within the breed.
Analysis of Golden Retrievers shows the majority are clustered in one area genetically, however there is the presence of genetic outliers. Breeders could seek out genetic outliers to redistribute their genetic diversity. Internal relatedness (inbreeding) comparison to village dogs showed loss in diversity from village dog ancestors, however not as much as some other breeds that have been thus far investigated.
20 different STR-associated DLA Class I and 19 DLA Class II (Table 6) haplotypes were found among 226 Golden Retrievers tested. DLA class I haplotypes 1066, 1069 and 1071, and class II haplotypes 2045, 2046, 2047, 2048, 2049, 2050 are unique to Golden Retrievers among the breeds that have been tested to this time. Only 44% of the DLA types contribute to most of the diversity.
The follow includes dogs with birthdates listed in the database.
DLA Haplotypes in the Breed
The Dog Leukocyte Antigen or DLA is the region in the canine genome that controls the immune system, among other things. There are three classes or areas, and the VGL Canine Diversity Test genotypes or records the two regions with the most variation. Because it is an area that mutates more rapidly than others, the method VGL uses is ideal for identifying specific combinations of DNA, and not merely showing whether a dog inherited two of the same sets of genetics from its parents or two different ones.
"Haplotype" is a generic name for a set of genes that are bound together and inherited as a set. The DLA Class I and Class II haplotypes are very tightly bound and represent about 2 million base pairs of DNA - a sizeable chunk. These two haplotypes together make an extended haplotype that is nearly always passed from parent to puppies as a pair. We therefore have two tables below showing both the combinations of DLA found in this breed and how often they appear, and also how often they appear individually.
Remember that frequency percentages do not show how many dogs carry them, but rather how many of these haplotypes exist in the breed as a whole. Every dog has two sets of DLA haplotypes, one inherited from dam, and one inherited from sire. These almost never recombine in new generations.
DLA Class I/Class II Combinations :
Class I Haplotype | Class II Haplotype | Frequency in the Breed | 1066 | 2046 | 32.80% | 1065 | 2048 | 24.40% | 1003 | 2001 | 9.20% | 1062 | 2021 | 7.20% | 1069 | 2045 | 6.00% | 1014 | 2050 | 6.00% | 1068 | 2053 | 4.00% | 1016 | 2017 | 2.00% | 1067 | 2017 | 1.60% | 1006 | 2007 | 1.20% | 1065 | 2047 | 1.20% | 1068 | 2003 | 1.20% | 1070 | 2005 | 0.80% | 1065 | 2049 | 0.80% | 1067 | 2051 | 0.40% | 1066 | 2048 | 0.40% | 1014 | 2037 | 0.40% | 1008 | 2052 | 0.40% |
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DLA Frequencies :
Class | Haplotype | Frequency in the Breed | Class I | 1003 | 9.20% | Class I | 1006 | 1.20% | Class I | 1008 | 0.40% | Class I | 1014 | 6.40% | Class I | 1016 | 2.00% | Class I | 1062 | 7.20% | Class I | 1065 | 26.40% | Class I | 1066 | 33.20% | Class I | 1067 | 2.00% | Class I | 1068 | 5.20% | Class I | 1069 | 6.00% | Class I | 1070 | 0.80% | Class II | 2001 | 9.20% | Class II | 2003 | 1.20% | Class II | 2005 | 0.80% | Class II | 2007 | 1.20% | Class II | 2017 | 3.60% | Class II | 2021 | 7.20% | Class II | 2037 | 0.40% | Class II | 2045 | 6.00% | Class II | 2046 | 32.80% | Class II | 2047 | 1.20% | Class II | 2048 | 24.80% | Class II | 2049 | 0.80% | Class II | 2050 | 6.00% | Class II | 2051 | 0.40% | Class II | 2052 | 0.40% | Class II | 2053 | 4.00% |
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